Repeating firearm.



Patented lune l2, |900. 0. F. MOSSBERG.

REPETING FlREBFvi.

'Appncation med Feb. 19, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

Patented lune I2, |900.

.M. ..68 RA EE BB SH S 0G M.N .M FE 0W ..3 1. 7 5. m 6 D. N

(Application filed Feb. 19, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES ATsNT erica@ OSCAR F. MOSSBERG, OF HATFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

REPATING FiREARiVi.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,577, dated June l2, 1900.

Application tiled February 19, 1900. Serial'No. 5,680. (No modela arms, and is particularly directed to the improvement of an arm of the class in which the magazine is located parallel with the barrel.

One object of the invention is to produce an arm in which the movement of the trigger in one direction will actnate devices for bringing a cartridge from the magazine into line with and in tiring positinntl'barrel 'ami` cock and tire the arm.

A further object lies in the improved construction of the arm whereby the firing mechanism may be locked independently of the trigger and the latter operated to eject cartridges from the magazine without danger vot' accidental explosion, in improved means for ejecting the shell of a cartridge through the side-plate of the arm, in devices for locking the sliding barrel in firing position, and in other improvements in construction, all as will-be fully set forth in the following speciiication and pointed out in the claims.

In t-he drawings forming part of this speciiication, Figure'l is an enlarged side elevation'of the arm embodying this inventiomthe side plate being removed and the magazine empty. Fig. 2 shows the position of the parts of the arm when ready for loading. Fig. Sis a longitudinal section of the arm in the position thc parts occupy at thc beginning ot' the cooking and firing movement of the trigger.

Fig. 4 shows the position oi" the same parts as the firing-pin is about to be released at the termination of the'tiring movement. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of theI side plates of the arm and shows the breecl1-block,ejec tor, carrier for moving cartridges from the magazine into axial alinement with the bar rel, and the sliding door closing the opening through which the magazine is charged and the lock for said door. Fig. 6 is a top plan View taken about on section-line G G, Fig. l.

Fig.- '.7 isa transverse section on line 7 7, Fig.

1, and illustrates principally the ejector de vices. Fig.S is a perspective view of the inner side of the right-hand plate through which the ejection of the cartridges is eiected.

moving in a vertical plane raised into car? tridge-receiving position relative te the magazine by the rearward movement ot the barrel -and actuated ina reverse direction by a spring to carrya cartridge after the barrel has meved forward down into position to be engaged by' the latter d uring its next rearward movement,

. 0f a iipsmin. haririsalensitnninal movement in a'breech-block landengaged by a member on the rearward extension of the barrel when the latter moves rearwardly, whereby a spring is compressed, which is released when the barrel has attainedits rearmost position, permitting the liringpin to shoot forward against the cartridge-primerand discharge the arm, suitable devices, to be described farther on, for locking the barrel in fixed tiring position, and suitable safety devices for locking and preventing the actuation ofthe firing-pin, it' desired, when the barrel is moved rear- Wardly. The top of the arm is provided with an opening for giving access to the rear'end of the magazine'for charging the latter, and a sliding door closes said opening dnring'the tiring of the arm.

Referring to the drawings, l is the frame of the arm, and 2 is the sliding barrel, which has a sliding movement in a cylindrical portion of the fram The rear end of the barrel `is 'rectangu'la in cross-section, and the forward end of said rectangular portion forms a shoulder 4, which abuts'against the frame, as seen in Fig. lof the drawings,y and limits its movement-in a forward direction, and the re'ar end of said rectangular portion is sqnared oit' vertically and 'abuts against the forward end of the breech-block 5E and limits the rearward movement of the barrel. From said rectangular portion of the barrel there is aneittension of the barrel rearwardly in a lower plane and indicated by 6, in which the trigger 7 is hung on a pin 8 and which eX'- firing-pin, to be described Vztart-her on.`

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opposite end secured lo the trigger 7.

.wardly to its fullest extent.

v este?? treme rear end of said barrel extension 6.

The end of said pin connected with the barrel extension is squared and forms-a shoulder for one end of the spring 9, and the free end ofa flat spring 12 (see Figs. '3 and 4)is supported between this squared'end of said pin and a pin 13A, fixed in the-side plate, and has its The spring 12 is adapted toyieid only at the termination of the compression of the spring 9- that is, when the barrel has been forced rear- To insure the full rearward movement ot' the barrel before the trigger can be oscillated on its pivot, said trigger is provided with a forwardly-project ing arm'14, which during the rearward movement of the barrel slides along the frame and at the termination of said movement serves asa lock for the barrel,` whereby it is held firmly against the breech-block, as will be de'- scribed farther on. The same edect would be attained if the spring 12 were of such strength as to yield only under a force superior to that required to compress the springs 9 and the firing-pin spring, (to he referred to farther on.) The above-referred-to vforwardlyproject-ing arm 14 of the trigger is provided with asolid bloei; 15 on its extremity that serves as a lock for the barrel when the latter has reached its firing posit ion-thatis,when it come to a stop.

abuts against the end of the breech-blockand this block is brought into position to cfe'ct this locking ot the barrel by the continucdfpull on the trigger after the barrel has This continued pull, as

' aforesaid, causes the Atrigger toswing on its pivot-pin, and swings the arm 14 downward and interposes the block 15 between the sduared shoulder 1GA on the barrel and the shoulder 17 on the frame of the arm.

'lhepmovement ofthe trigger above referred to, vwhich serves to lock the barrel, also im- Y parts movement to the device which releases A the barrel has been effected.

the firing-pin; but the actuation of the lastnamed device is `timed to follow tho locking of the barrel, and thus insures the arm against accidental explosions before thc locking oi Before describing the said liring-pin-releasing devices it will bein order to describe the tiring-pin. The latter is indicated by 18 and is axially located in the breeclnblcck 5... ,It iscylindrcal in l'to cross-section and is provided at its rear end with a depending lug 19, which' lies in a slot 20,in` the underside of the breech-block, said lug projecting beyond the surface of the block far enough to be engaged by the end of the sear 21, which is pivoted in the extension of the barrel, the forward-end ot said lug being .squared oi to receive the end ot' said seal 21 when the barrel is rearwardly drawn by the usual in this form ot magazine.

trigger. Said firing-pin is bored out from its i rear end forward to receive one end of its ac- 'in the 'head of the cartridge and explode it.

The Sear 21 is supported, as stated, in the gre extension ot the barrel on a pin 23and is provided with a coiled spring 24:, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) whereby the rear end of said sear is forced upwardly into the path oi' movement of the lug 19 and Whose opposite end is held in con tact with the Igripper end of the trigger, as shown in the dgawings. lNhen the trigger is operated to vdraw back the barrel and the spring 12 remains slack, the rear end of the scar 21 will engage, the liig 19, as shown in Fig. 3, and remain in this position until the position shown in Fig. i is reached. This is just prior to the release of the firing-pin. At this stage of the movement of the trigger coin-y tinued pull on the latter first causes the arm 14 to swing down and interpose the block 15 thereon between the barrel and frame, as described, and simultaneously to raise the forward end of the Sear, whereby its rear end is disengaged from the lug 19 on the firing-pin 18 at 'the moment the block 15 has reached its proper-clocking position, and thus at the moment oi' discharge the breech-block, barrel, and frame of the firearm become'practically one piece. When pull on the trigger is released, the spring 12 returns it to normal position, as seen in Fig. 1 and 3, (Fig. 2 showing the position of tho parts at the moment of discharge,) and as said trigger returns to normal position the spring 24 causes the seail 21 to also return to its normal position, and as the barrel is forced forward again byiis spring 9 the rear end ot saidsear will ride over the lug 19 and be snapped up in front of said lug ready for a return cockingmovemeut.

The method of effecting the ejection of the empty shell will be described after a descrip` tion of the magazine and the cartridge-carrier. Said magazine comprises a tubo 25,

located over and in thesame vertical plano as the barrel and may he integral with the frame, as shown herein, or may be made as a separate picco and secured iu thcframe. Within the magazine is a coiled spring 26, adapted to be compressed by the insertion ot cartridges into its open rear end, said spring serving to push the cartridges rearwardly, as The tube 25 is charged by opening the door 27, which has a sliding incrementen the top of the breech-block 5l it is guided in its sliding movementby engagement with a groove 28 in one oi the side plates, a part ot which shows in Figs. 5 and 7. doi-ted. lilies in Fig. Said door is provided with a spring 29 in a groove in the under FOG IIO

izo

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lt is seen also in side thereof, which is compressed when theV door is shut and which opens it when its locking-bolt is operated. This bolt is seen in Figs. l, 2, 3, 5, and 7 most clearly, and extends transversely through the lefthand side plate and the breech-block 5, its outer end having'a button and its inner end a short npstanding arm 3l, which when the door is shut engages. a slot 32 in the side thereof, being brought into engagement therewith by a spiral spring about the body of the bolt in the breech-block 5, but shown in the drawings in Fig. 7 only. One end of lsaid bolt 30 is squared, as seen in Figs. 5 and -7, to prevent its turning on its axis, and whereby the arm 3l is adapted to act as a stop for limiting the rearward movement of the door` by`means of the pin 33, which contacts therewith. (See Fig. 5.) To permit endwise movement to said bolt, the righthand side plate is cut away opposite the arm 3l, as shown in Fig. 7.

The cartridge-carrier 34 is a verticallysliding member positively operated by the barrel upwardly and forced down byaspring l 35, interposed between the top of the carrier and the topwall of the frame. This carrier 34 is seen most clearly in Fig. 5 in perspective. When it is forced upward by the barrel, it arrives at aposition for receiving a cartridge from the magazine, and when it is .in this position-the top of the squared endpf" the barrel closes the under side of the cartridge-carrier, the cartridge resting on the top of the aforesaid part of the barrel. The

' end of the door 27, which is in the same ver-- tical plane as the forward end of the breechblock 5, forms a stop for arresting the rearward movement of the cartridge. The carrier is held in its uppermost position by a hooked lever 3G, pivoted to the frame, and which is allowed to swing under the edge of the carrier by the rearward movement of the barrel, as seen in Fig. 2, and when the barrel moves forward after the discharge of the firearm the said lever is disengaged therefrom by a pin 37 in the barrel, and thus releases the carrier, which will then be forced down by its. spring and carry a cartridge down into the position shown in Fig. 3,axially in line with the. barrel. As the cartridge descends, the rim of the head thereof enters the vertical groove 38 on the right-hand side of the forward end of the breech-block, which serves as a hook to hold the shell in ejecting position when the barrel moves forward after the discharge, the ejector 39 being located in a'groove in the left-handside of the breechblock 5, between it and the'lef hand side plate. Said cartridge-carrier-co prises' one side plate 34, which has a slidiqg movement .im an undercut groove in the left-hand side plate, as shown in Figs.` 5 and b', and the smaller opposite side plate 34" df the carrier is supported in parallel relation dvith said u gtst-'named plate 34 by the top plate 34, thus constituting a rectangular construction composed of two sides and a top. The forward end of the top plate 34c is turned up at right angles thereto and is of sufficient length to extend up into the path of movement of' the cartridge, as shown in Fig. 3, 'when the carrier has been forced downward to carry a cartridge to the loading position, thus forming a cut-off for the magazine without which the cartridges would, when the carrier is down to the position shown in Fig. 3, shoot out of the magazine and block the ascent of the carrier. The latter is operated by the movement' of the barrel by means of a projection 40 on the sideof the barrel, (shown only in dotted lines in Fig. 4,) which engages the inclined edge 41 of the side plate 34a of the carrier. The opposite side 34h of the carrierserves to rctain the cartridge in position of alinement with the barrelOand serves also to cover the eject-ing-opening 42 in the side plate (shown in Fig. S) when the carrier descends and to uncover said opening when it ascends. Said right-hand side plate (shown in Fig. 8) is provided with an outwardly-swinging door 43, in which is located the opening 42. be had to the cartridge-carrier, the end of the breech-block, andthe breech of the barrel through this door without removing the side plate.

The ejector 39 is shownin perspective in Fig. 5 and in plan in Fig. 6 of the drawings and'in dotted'lines in Figs-3 and 4. It consists of a fiat spring the operativo end of which is divided into' two fingers 44 and 45. The finger 44 is straight and the finger 45 is curved inwardly toward the axis of the barrel.` The side of t-he breech-block opposite which the finger 45 lies is cut away, as shown in Fig. 6 at 46, to permit lateral movement to said finger 45. The yejector is movable endwise as one piece in a suitable groove in the side of the breech-block 5, as stated, the rear end of said ejector being turned down, as at 47, Figs. 3 and. 5, at right angles to the length of the part, whereby the end of the ejectoris given a broader bearing in the groove in which it slides and is less liable to bind in its movements under any lateral strain brought upon it by the straightening out of the curve of the finger 45, which occurs as follows; When a cartridge is brought down from the magazine, thefingers 44 45 occupy the position shown in Fig. G, and when the barrel is drawn back theside of the squared rear'end thereof strikes the end of the finger 44, which is atrifie longerthan the finger45, and pushes the ejector back into its groove, compressing the sprin g 48 behind it; As the ejector moves rearwardly the curved finger straightens out by slid ing over the head of the cartridge,` and by the time the barrel comes to a bearing on the breech-block the notch-49 in the end of the finger 45 snaps over the rim of the cartridge and remains in this position untilthe arm is' discharged. Then as the barrel moves forward the shell remains stationary,'held b IOO the hook on the end of the bileech-blcck unt i engaged by the barrel.

'recess is to take the end of the firing-pin out the barrel is disengaged therefrom, and at4 the same instant and by the same movement the carrier is released and fiiesA upward, and thus uncovers the opening 42, through which the shell is ejected bythe simultaneous movement of the ejector forward and by the retraction of the curved end of the finger 45, which had been put under tension by being for-eed backward over the rim of the cartridge.

The action of the ejector is made more eertain as to the direction of movement of the shell by the engagement of the latter with.

said groove 3S on the side of the breech-block 5, as the said hook acts as a pivot `on which said shell is turned by the pressure brought to bear on it by the ejectorin a line diagonal to its axis.

The end of the breech-block 5 is provided with an annular depression 50, intd which the head of the cartridges-,hell is pushed evhen The object of this of the linie of movement of the head of the cartridge as the latter moves down from the magazine to the barrel. Y

Adeviee for preventing the actuation of the firing-pin by the movement of the trigger and barrel consists in a sliding plate 51;- (Shown 'particularly in Figs. l and 5, and a part of it in section in Fig. 7.) This plate slides in a groove in the left-hand side plate and basa projection 52 onv the innerend thereof, which is inclined on one edge thereof, and this in clined edge comes in Contact with a pin 53 on the sear and depresses the rear end thereof to an extent sutiicient to cause said scar to fail to connect with the lug if) onthe iiring-pin, and the trigger' may then be manipulated at will without actuating the, firing-pin. The position of safety is shown in Fig. l.

rlo -load the magazine', the door E27 is unlecked and allowed to spring out to the position shown in Fig. 2. is set, asin Fig. l. Then the trigger is drawn back to raise the carrier, and the cartridges are then inserted,l the last one remaining in the position of the one shown in Fig. 2, back of the carrier. The door 27 is then pushed forward until it locks, and this movement carries the last cartridge into the carrier. 'lhe trigger is then released, and this eartridge is carried down into position to be engaged by the barrel, as seen in vFig. 3.

To empty the magazine, the bar 54, which lies in a groove on top of the breech-block 5 vflush with its. upper surface and pivoted by its forward end near the end of vthe breechblock, isiafter the door 27 has been opened raised to the position indicated in'dotted lines in Fig. 2, whereby an inclined plane is provided for the support of the cartridges when they are ejected from' the magazine by the action of the spring therein after the safetycatch has been set and the trigger then pulled back and held in that position. Said bar 5i is raised by a pin 55, which projects through the side plate.

The safety catchl'n order to provide for the proper alinement of the cartridge relative to the barrel later- `ally, the two bosses 56 and 57 are formed onV the sides of the carrier, as shown in Figs. 5 and (l. These do not interfere with the free rearward movement of the barrel, as the carrier rises in time to remove them from the path of said barrel. v Y

Having thus described my invention, what claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is k l 1. 1n a magazine-firearm, a longitudinally@v sliding barrel, a fixed breech-block, a firingpin in said block movable axially relative to the barrel, a magazine in the same verticai plane as the barrel, a eartridge-carrier adapted to be actuated by the barrel to move in a vertical plane, alternately, between the end ofthe magazine and the rear end of the'barrel, means on the barrel for engaging the firin g-pin when the barrel is moved rearwardly, a trigger for moving the barrel, and adapted to release the firing-pin at the end of the rearward movement of the barrel, substantially as described. y

2. in a magazine-firearm, a longitudinallymovable barrel, a spring for moving the barrel in one direction, a trigger pivotally secured to the barrel for moving it in the opposite direction; a tiring-pin, and devices on the barrel for moving the firing'- pin into cocked position by the movement of the barrel and trigger, and for releasingsaid tiring-l pin at the end of said barrel movement, oombined with amagazine and a cartridge-carrier adapted to move eartridges'from said magaf zine into position to be engaged by said barrel, and a device for locking'said barrel, im-

movably, at the moment of the release ofthe firing-pin, substantially as described.

In va magazine-firearm, a longitudinallymovable barrel, a trigger for imparting said movements thereto, said trigger being pivotally attached to said barrel, a barrel-spring adapted to be compressed by the movement of the barrel in one direction, a second spring for actuating the trigger, and means Whereby said trigger is held in fixed relation to the barrelduring the compression of the barrelspring; a firing-pin and actuating devices therefor, adapted to be operated to release the firing-pin gythe movement of the trigger after theeonr ression of the barrel-spring, combined with a magazine and means for feeding cartridges from thelatter into position to be engaged by the movement of the barrel by the trigger, substantially as described.

. ln a magazine-firearm, a magazine, a cartridge-feeding spring therein, a cartridge-carrier, a longitudinally moving barrel, and means interposed between the barrel and car rier whereby the latter is adapted to move a cartridge from the magazine into position to.

be engaged by the barrel when the latter is moved rearwardly, a fixed breech block against which the cartridge and barrel abut when in firing position, means for immovably holding said barrel against the breech-block at the moment of discharge of the arm,- a iiring-pin in the breech-block, and firing-pin Aactuating devices attached t0 the barrehand means for moving the barrel, substantially as described. Y

5. In a magazine-firearm, a frame, a magazine, a longitudinally-movable barrel, a eartridge-carrier supported in the frame, and means of vconnection between said carrier and the barrel, whereby the movement of the latter inonedirection will effect the movement of the carrier in a line at right angles to that of the barrel; a supporting device 'for holding said carrier in a fixed position during the movement of the barrel in the opposite direction, and means on the barrel for releasing said carrier from said supporting device at the end of the last-named barrel movement, whereby the carrier is adapted to place a cartridge in position to be engaged by thebarrel, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the frame of a magazinefirearm, of a longitudinallymovable barrel, a magazine located in the same vertical plane as the barrel, a vertically-movable cartridge-carrier adapted to be raised by the rearward movementof the barrel, aspring for moving it downward, at the end of the forward movement of the barrel, a door th rough which the magazine may be charged;

-an opening in the side of the arm adapted tobe closed by the downward movementof the carrier, and uncovered when the latter moves upward, whereby the ejection of a shell is permitted; a firing-pin, and devices. for actuatingthe latter by the `movement of the barrel, and an ejector for the cartridge-shells,

` -s'iibstantially as described.

7. Ina magazine-firearm, a longitudinallysliding barrel, a suitable magazine and devices for transferring a cartridge therefrom into position to be engaged by said barrel on its rearward movement,.a trigger for moving said vbarrel rearwardly, al barrel-spring for moving it in the opposite direction, a triggerspring, a barrel-locking device actuated by the trigger at .the limit of rearward movement of the barrel, a firing-pin, and actuating devices therefor attached to the barrel and adapted to be operated to release the firingpin after the operation of the barrel-locking mechanism, substantially as' described.

8. In a magazineiirearm, a longitudinallysliding barrel, a magazine, a cartridge-carrier having a transverse sliding movement relative to the rear end of the barrel, a pore tion of said carrier lying alongside of said barrel; an incline on said last-named portion of the carrier, a stud on the barrel engaging said incline whereby the rearward movement of the barrel will move said carrier in one dizine, means of connection between said bar-l rel and carrier, consisting of an inclined plane on one of said parts and a stud on the other engaging therewith whereby the `latter is-moved toward the magazine by the rearward movement ofthe barrel; a spring for moving the carrier from the magazine toward the end of the barrel, and amagazine cut-off on the' carrier, whereby when the latter is located opposite the end of the barrel the cartridges will be retained in the magazine, substantially as described.

10. In a magazine-firearm, a frame, a magazine, a sliding door inthe frame through which cartridges are inserted in the magazine, a transverselymovable cartridge carrier between said door and said magazine, a shoulder on the forwardend of the door-adapted to retain the rearmost cartridgein---the arm and to force it vinto said carrier, when the door is closed, substantially as described.

1l. In amagazine-firearm,aframe,a'maga zineand a spring therein, a sliding-door movable axially relative to the magazine, a' transversely movable cartridge carrier between said magazine and said door, a Vshoulder on the forward end of the door adapted to re.- tain the rearmost cartridge in the armagainst .the pressure of the magazine-spring, and a spring may eject cartridges in the 'magazine @through said door, substantially as described.

OSCAR F. MOSSBERG.,K

Witnesses: II. A. CHAPIN,

K. I. CLEMONS.

YGO 

